mushroom yield per pound of substrate

We recommend allowing it to season for 6 8 months to be on the safe side. 6. The recipe for growing in coffee grounds is also one of the easiest. Simply put, a yield of 1 lb. On a small scale this can be done indoors on a stovetop. However, since the Garden Bench Top is designed for the home gardener, we will be focusing on budget friendly methods that is accessible to all levels of green thumbs. Alongside this, there is something truly rewarding about seeing your food or supplemental grow from a tiny spec of tissue inside a syringe into a full fruit. Yes, even solid pieces of wood can be considered a substrate! Logs are often used to grow shiitake and other varieties of mushrooms outdoors. I've dedicated a ton of time to learn all about the amazing world of mushrooms- and would love to share that information with you! Our favorite recipe for growing shiitake mushrooms: Our favorite recipe for growing reishi mushrooms: Our favorite recipe for growing portabello mushrooms: Our favorite recipe for growing oyster mushrooms: Our favorite recipe for growing Chestnut mushrooms: We get many emails from our readers asking for help when it comes to mushroom substrate. . If youve got a garden, you can even mix the used substrate right into the soil. The thing about wood chips is you want to be particular about the type of wood you select. Do you sell any white button mushrooms extract or supplements? Make sure any surfaces that come into contact with your straw, spawn or eventual mushrooms are clean. The combination of poor yield and difficulty may explain why P. cyanescens is grown less frequently than some other psilocybin containing mushrooms. Volume of sales Price per pound 1 Value 2018-2019 2019-2020 2018-2019 2019-2020 2018-2019 2019-2020 (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds) (dollars) (dollars) (1,000 dollars) (1,000 dollars) United States 2 1 Prices for mushrooms are the average prices producers receive at the point of first sale . See our article How To Set Up A Low Tech Mushroom Farm for a full guide. pound ( 0.2 SD) for all mushrooms, 0.8 kWh's per pound ( 0.2 SD) for white mushrooms, and 0.9 kWh's per pound ( 0.3 SD) for brown mushrooms (Figure 9). Modeling mushroom substrate temperature during aerated phase I substrate preparation. . The eBay partner network where we earn fees on products purchased after clicking our links. This is normally species dependant and normally depends on several factors such as growing environment, substrate nutrients and genetics. Different strains within the same species of mushrooms can produce vastly different results. Pasteurization or sterilization reduce mold and bacteria and help ensure that the thing youre trying to grow will have the best chance to get established. This increases the pH of the water, killing contaminants in the process. I dont know of any specific to G. lucidum, but you could definitely play around with different amounts of bran (wheat, oat, rice) in a hardwood sawdust substrate, and see what works best. Then mix everything up, put the lid back on and allow it to cool for four hours before inoculating. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 1 x colonized 10 pound block (produces 3-5 pounds of mushrooms) Grain Spawn: 1 x 6 pound bag of grain spawn; We prefer to use a heating method thats both quick and organic. While it still has some nutrients left in it, its not as nutrient-rich as grains themselves. Choosing your substrate comes down to a few choices: If you want to grow a wide range of gourmet mushrooms on a commercial scale and are okay with investing more time and money, look toward supplemented materials and having a method to steam and sterilize the materials. 1oz dry per lb of grain on the first flush if everything goes well. Its where the mushrooms will get all of their nutrients while growing. I want to try 2pounds of millet, oats and rye mixed. If you sterilize your substrate this way, youll need to use distilled water to rehydrate it afterward while still keeping it sterile. Agaricus and Specialty Mushroom Sales, Price, and Value . easier to source and bulk out your mushroom growing kits. To achieve this, you will need a container that can withstand high temperatures. You can also use a compost tumbler which is what we use here at GroCyle), or you can use a commercial substrate mixer. How To Sterilize Mushroom Substrate Without A Pressure Cooker. (It's the equivalent of seeds for mushroom growers). It can be purchased at farm stores or most places where you can find animal feed or bedding. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Which is something that you can apply to your mushroom kit mix recipe. Dr. Tamara J Benjamin. Lets say that you are able to harvest2lbsof King Oyster mushrooms from a 5lb supplemented sawdust fruiting block. Effect of different substrates on the yield of C. indica . :90-140% Yield:Up to 2.5 lbs from supplemented sawdust fruiting blocks. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Wil it decrease the yeild of my spawn?? Logs dont need to be sterilized before use. For example, adding manure to hardwood sawdust. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Mushroom yield per pound of substrate varies depending on the type of mushroom being grown. Oyster . its the seeds in the hay that cause the problems, they carry heat resistant endospores that germinate after pasteurization. Peat moss is one of these mushroom substrates that we highly recommend. Similar to peat moss, perlite has great water absorption capabilities, which means mushrooms will thrive, especially during the fruiting stages. Luckily, top-performing strains have been carefully developed and optimized over the years to produce good and reliable yields. There are many factors that affect yield size. You can even use cardboard to grow mushroom spawn from the stems of oyster mushrooms that you buy at the grocery store. What do you do with Spent Mushroom Substrate? mushroom grow kits, the mushroom substrate. Other species are more particular and will only produce high yields when grown on a specific substrate. Copyright 2023 Garden Bench Top. Drill the 3/8 hole across from it. All Rights Reserved. Cut off the bag of broken-up colonized grain (the bag that you previously broke up) directly below the filter-patch with a clean pair of scissors. Straw must be moisturized to promote the growth of the mushroom mycelium and treated with heat or hydrated lime. What is it Used For? That will enable you to branch out into many types of mushrooms. To make a 10 pound block of substrate you'll need 10 cups of hardwood pellets and 2.8 liters of water. Enoki. What is the mushroom yield per pound of substrate? :50-90% Yield: 4-8 lbs from a 25 lbs fruiting block, up to 1.5 lbs from a supplemented sawdust fruiting block. It does not store any personal data. All you need to do is layer the mushroom between layers of damp cardboard and mycelium will start to grow. Using substrate to grow mushrooms is the equivalent of using soil to grow plants. Perlite is another one of those substrates that can be used to grow mushrooms. 1:1 and a higher ratio utilizes more substrate than spawn. As a matter of fact, that leads us onto the next substrate combination substrates. Saving .25 cents per pound of mushrooms adds up to a lot when growing 300 pounds per week - almost $4,000 per year! We do recommend that you sterilize any materials you have purchased from garden centers. And if you are regular visitors to the Garden Bench Top, you will know we are huge advocates of anything to do with reinventing waste into a functional purpose. Best type of substrate for specific mushroom varieties, Mushrooms Substrate Frequently Asked Questions. Your substrate needs to have 1 to 2 percent nitrogen. This combination is often referred to as a masters mix and can produce some impressive yields. But with our mushroom kit none of these worries exists. Most commonly, supplement materials are bran or seed derivatives. . We have an article titled How To Grow Mushrooms On Logs: The Ultimate Guide that goes through the whole process in more depth. But since its made of partially-digested food, it makes an easy food source for all kinds of different lifeforms. A mushroom culture starts when the hyphae of two compatible germinating spores mate and start to grow out as mycelium. Any substrate materials that could be considered food items need to be sterilized for similar reasons. When you choose to pick your mushrooms obviously has a huge effect on overall yield and biological efficiency. Hay is likely too nutritious to use as a substrate without full sterilization. So we opt for a more Low Tech Mushroom Farm growing style. That being said, it is sometimes better to go for a larger yield on the first flush, and future flushes may have diminishing returns. Yield, mushroom size and time to production of Pleurotus cornucopiae (oyster mushroom) grown on switch grass substrate spawned and supplemented at various rates. Less nutritious substrates can be pasteurized instead of sterilized. A commonly discussed way to increase yield is to use a decent substrate such a master mix (Hardwood Sawdust + Soy Hulls + Water). This could be an easy way to increase your yield without having to move over to grain spawn and bulk substrates. Besides selecting a substrate to use, deciding when its appropriate to either pasteurize or sterilize the material is another important part in learning how to make mushroom substrate. The shorter, more mature or dense the compost the less water it should have. Many commercial mushroom farmers have large expensive pieces of equipment that can handle high pressure and extreme temperatures to sterilize bulk quantities of materials. The whole mixture then needs to be sterilized before it can be inoculated with mushroom spawn. The mycelium will need weeks or potentially months to decompose the substrate and spread completely throughout it. So we need to do something to give mushrooms a bit of a head-start and ensure they colonize the substrate before other forms of mold or fungi can. So woods like conifer or pine wood shouldnt be used, or if anything, should comprise a small portion of the overall mushroom growing bed. greater nutritional value for the mushroom spores to consume, providing a better foundation for a success flush of mushrooms. It tends to result in very good yields, but needs to be sterilized. If you come across a new substrate that we havent discussed here, just ask yourself one question to see if its a material that should be pasteurized or sterilized. These include your fruiting conditions, the type of mushroom you're growing, humidity, ventilation, etc. Its cheap and easy to find. For some species, I like to soak the substrate in water or give it a heavy misting to see if it fruits for a second time! You may find that the yield for your mushrooms can vary wildly between flushes, which are why using the total yield is a better indicator of performance. Thanks so much, very glad that you like the site , Hi, May you please name some of the effective suppliments to increase the BE Ratio of Ganoderma Lucidium Regards.. Priyanshu Kulshrestha. PINK OYSTER B.E. For larger operations, use a 55-gallon drum and a butane burner. Spawn rate. Other hardwoods, such as beech, cherry, birch, ash, and hickory, can be used, but they have less productive lifespans. You can expect anywhere from 2-7 grams of mushrooms per cake per flush. When you squeeze a handful of the mushroom growing substrate, only a few drops of water should come out. Mycelium is introduced into the holes through the use of plug spawn. Terms like inoculation, agar transfers, laminar flow- what does all of this mean? Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. I was wondering if you might be able to provide the BEs for Cordyceps, Turkey Tail and Chaga? At first, just getting some nice looking fruits is a huge success! Your substrate needs a moisture content of 50-70%. :100-170% Yield: 6-10 lbs from a 25 lb straw log, 2.5 lbs from a supplemented sawdust fruiting block. Manure is a perfect example of a substrate that should always be sterilized. After few days when the This article provides a step-by-step look at the process that goes from mixing your substrate to harvest. Your lids should look like this. Once that is ready, the substrate needs to be sterilized or pasteurized. Anything that gets your substrate above 250 degrees F for an extended period of time can sterilize. Its time to get growing! 1oz dry per quart of grain is 100% yield efficiency. What we love about straw is there are even some distributors that will sell pasteurized wheat straw, which can save you a tonne of waiting time and work when it comes to growing mushrooms. Choose the substrate for mushroom cultivation. 615 W State Street. Dry. While thats an ideal environment for mushrooms, its also the ideal conditions for other things like mold and bacteria to grow. Water should drip from compost squeezed in the hand. Whats the typical first flush BE you see (dry weight) for blue oyster and yellow oyster? Farmers in the mushroom industry use a large variety of mushroom substrate as a growing medium for their farms. Should it be more than that? You will know everything has been done correctly when you start to see signs of colonization, or the mushrooms mycelium growing and spreading throughout the substrate. To make a 10 pound block of substrate youll need 10 cups of hardwood pellets and 2.8 liters of water. 150-300 pounds of substrate = 30-60 lbs. This is normally species dependant and normally depends on several factors such as growing environment, substrate nutrients and genetics. With this method creating an honey liquid culture is pretty simple if you are using the correct technique, but I won't be going into detail about that in this post. max yields not established. Our bins hold up to 20 pounds of substrate and 10 pounds of grain (approx 20 quarts). Eventually, the mycelium will become exhausted and die off but this will become obvious as you watch the mycelium reduce in size and will probably contaminate. Adding too much supplementation, however, will actually have detrimental effects. Some people have very complicated mushroom growing setups that involve cleanrooms with negative air pressure and expensive equipment. Sterilization is more like scorching the earth and killing every living plant and seed in it. Transactions ASAE. Collecting strains, expanding them into colonies and eventually fruiting them into mushrooms is a lot of fun, especially if youre a fan of the natural world and biology. You might think that manure would be an ideal growing medium for mushrooms. Meanwhile animals and even humans will eat grains because theyre full of nutrition. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. During this time, the straw starts to be broken down (fermented) by anaerobic organisms. It just requires additional labor and equipment. Lions Mane: 1Lb per 5lbs substrate block: Reishi: 1lb per 5lbs substrate block: Shiitake: 2lb per 5lbs substrate block: Yellow Oyster: 3lb per 5lb . YELLOW OYSTER B.E. You can also add in a bit of sawdust to the mix for a bit of variety. . 1qt grain + 1 qt coir + 1 qt casing. Is that dry weight or wet weight for the substrate? 150+ kits: $12 per kit. Here are a few important things to keep in mind when choosing a substrate: If you want to skip the learning curve associated with making your own substrate, then check out our ready-to-fruit mushroom substrate blocks, which come fully colonised and ready to grow. Keeping your surfaces clean and wiping them down with 70% isopropyl alcohol during inoculation is all that is needed for most growers. Most raw substrates already contain these minerals, but this does vary depending on where the material came from. There are a wide range of materials that you can use as a substrate to grow mushrooms. Become a VIP for discounts, giveaways and more. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Can I just replicate from that agar plate to many and again from many choosing one and replicating. 25 parts pasteurized compost (ensure it is pasteurized to eliminate any unwanted guests), 25 parts pasteurized horse manure (ensure it is pasteurized to eliminate any unwanted guests), 1 part fresh soil (for creating a 1 cm layer on top of the mixture), 25 parts fresh waste coffee grounds (must be at least within 24 hours from being made), 5 parts straw or hay (ensure it is pasteurized to eliminate any unwanted guests). However for some types of mushrooms, like common button mushrooms, its necessary. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. What Is a Mushroom Substrate? An In-Depth Explanation will help to get you up to speed. This might leave you asking yourself What can I do with an old mushroom substrate? The most common choice for mushroom growers is to compost it. Wheat straw is great for growing the following varieties of mushrooms: Another popular substrate for home mushroom farmers is wood chips. You can either grow in a substrate composed of 100% straw or add supplements to provide additional nutrients. Selecting the right substrate and preparing it correctly for the specific type of mushroom that youre growing is critical for your success. One thing to watch out for is when mixing substrates, also known as supplementing them. The Basic Steps for Growing Oysters on Straw. These are small pieces of wooden dowel that are colonized with mycelium that get hammered into the holes. Hey Ben! When youre fermenting, youll need to predict what your substrate needs will be a week or more out. In this article, I want to give you a basic introduction into growing mushrooms from mycelium, this won't be an extensive or detailed post but several links within this post will branch off should you require any in-depth guidance. Straw is the dried stalks of various grain plants after all of the grain has been removed. Calculator located at: oneearthmushrooms.comSupport this work directly on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/oneearthmushroomsHave you ever started a mushroom . You dont want to use wood that has been dead or dying for a while already. It is natural to wonder how many mushrooms (or the yield of mushroom) you are going to harvest from your mushroom growing kits. a 50/50 blend of soybean hulls and sawdust -- yields can be over 1 lb per 5 lb block on the first flush. Pink Oysters mushrooms are one of the easiest species to grow. These are types of bacteria that can only survive in environments without oxygen. Repeat the cycle over and over, and finish with a final 30 minutes at 212 degrees. Before starting my business I was also thinking about some things, then I ha. However most species of edible mushrooms dont actually like it. How many pounds of mushrooms does 1 pound of substrate yield? If you squeeze lightly, no water should come out and a hard squeeze should produce only a few drops of water. Because the calculation uses the weight of dry substrate, it is possible- and actually quite common to achieve a biological efficiencygreater than 100%. The highest yield was in this research achieved at a spawn rate of 6-7%. This is basically the same process but involving straw. General Cultivation; Getting Started . At that point its ready to fruit. As a general rule we find for every 30 pounds (around 13 kilograms) of total mushroom substrate materials, you can expect to grow around 7.5 pounds (around 3 kilograms) yield of . Generally speaking, you should be looking to avoid soft wood. There are a few ways that you can sterilize a substrate without using a pressure cooker. I think that is too low yield at all, we are doing 3 flushes and total yield is about 4kg from 15kg substrate. amzn_assoc_tracking_id = "fresmush-20"; Things like vermiculite and straw arent an appealing food source for farm animals or even rodents. tamara17@purdue.edu. Can I grow oyster or shiitake mushrooms in compost? Step 3: Innoculate your sterilized spawn with liquid culture. A 10 lb bag can very likely give a higher yield- but it will depend on so many factors, and you just need to experiment to see what works. The number of days to harvest (NDTH) is the time from primordial initiation to harvesting the mushrooms.. Try to find a local website (inside your country) which can provide a spore syringe or liquid culture. As you can see, it would be easy for a beginner mushroom farmer to mistake white mycelium for mold and therefore discontinuing their journey based on a false dagnosis. If grown inside a mason jar - a popular and effective method of cultivation - mycelium will permeate the grain within ten to fifteen days. First off, you'll need to get your mushroom grain spawn colonizing so it can be used in your monotub. Emergency Info; Info For Parents; Link To Us; Search; Site Map; Sponsors; Mushroom Info. Ezmushroom.com is a participant in several affiliate marketing and advertising programmes designed to provide a means for the site to earn advertising fees. It is easy to handle and readily available even in remote areas like farms. BLUE OYSTER B.E. Some home mushroom cultivators also like to mix different textured peat to encourage varying growth patterns in the mushroom growth cycle. Sterilization aims to completely eliminate all contaminants that might be in the substrate, both living and currently dormant. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. You will be able to recognize this stage because you will see thin white threads spreading all over the substrate, which can easily be mistaken for mold. However, the yields will definitely be lacking. Let's look at some different mushrooms and their BE's, and expected yields. Most of the mushrooms that grow on wood chips (above) will also grow with wood pellets. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Liquid mushroom culture makes inoculating substrates easier because the mixture is inoculated directly onto a substrate of your choice. grow in a substrate composed of 100% straw, How To Grow Mushrooms On Logs: The Ultimate Guide, flushes of mushrooms from your compost pile, How To Grow Mushrooms: The Ultimate Guide, How To Grow Oyster Mushrooms: The Ultimate Step By Step Guide. I'm excited. Fig.1 Yield and economic analysis of oyster mushroom Table.1 Yield of oyster mushroom in consecutive months Table.2 Economic analysis of mushroom production Parameters January February March April Average yield per month (kg) 28.06 28.01 23.84 15.10 Cost of production (Rs) 1701.22 1698.06 1445.36 915.210 We can offer wholesale rates if you are interested in a minimum purchase of 20 blocks of the same mushroom species. You dont want to be handling and heating up animal poop on a regular basis. This kind of Low Tech Mushroom Farm may lead to slightly higher incidents of contamination though. If youve been growing mushrooms for any length of time, youll soon end up with big piles of spent substrate. At maximum production, we do this twice a day, three times a week, r. 101-150 kits: $15 per kit. You may be asking Why do you need sterile mushroom substrate?. Generally speaking, they prefer these types of substrate because they are cost-effective in large quantities. Bottless 7 yr. ago. If youre working with large quantities of straw, it can be easier to use a weed-whacker in a garbage bin to quickly shred the material. And finally, be sure to wash your hands thoroughly before handling any substances. The substrates that mushrooms like to grow in are very moist and full of lots of nutrition. Other types of fungi may have already begun to colonize the wood and it can make it harder for your desired mycelium to establish itself. We thought it would be helpful to those who do not have access to wood chips. At that point its ready to inoculate with mushroom spawn. 3. . The right time to harvest mushrooms will depend highly on the species of mushrooms, and the different ways you plan to store your mushrooms before consumption. of dry substrate is considered to be 100% Biological Efficiency. Because mushrooms enjoy a moist environment, a lot of spent mushroom substrate is great for spreading in and around your garden for water retention purposes. Think about the process of fermenting foods like sauerkraut, kimchi or kombucha. The purpose of this is to kill both any microbial life that currently exists in the substrate, as well as any spores that may take a few days before they begin to grow. By the end of this guide, youll know what a mushroom substrate is and what its used for. Straw isnt very nutritious, so its not well suited for all varieties of mushrooms. Whats The Difference Between Pasteurizing or Sterilizing a Substrate? Popular in Italian cooking, pioppinos complement sauces, soups, and stews. Ive read in many places that certain species won't fruit a second time however for me they have so its always worth trying if you dont need the growing vessel immediately. Soak the material in a five-gallon bucket for about an hour. A mushroom log can be used to grow mushrooms at home. Place the closed bag in a dark, warm area around 20 - 24C ( 68 - 75F) and leave it to incubate. The mushroom yield is simply the amount of fresh mushroom fruit you can obtain from a growing space and substrate. All the best with your farm! Or you can create a compost pile out of just used substrate that will naturally decompose and break down into a rich compost over time. Generally speaking, gardeners use perlite as one (of many) components in their garden soil mixes. How To Make Liquid Culture For Mushroom Cultivation. take down a notch in a sentence; dash cam videos usa; bodybuilding vs powerlifting reddit. If you use damions 5050 tek which is for a 66qt tub you can expect atleast 2-3 and up to 4-5 dry oz. Others prefer wood-based substrates. How To Use A Pressure Cooker For Mushroom Cultivation. Experimenting with different substrate mixes is something that you can try once youve been growing mushrooms for a while. Whilst the first flush was confined in both strains to one day, the second flush was spread . Shiitake. The most important thing is that you spawn at the correct ratios, which is 1 pound of spawn (sawdust or grain) for every 5 to 20 pounds of straw. Particularly king oyster mushrooms, which prefer wood over straw as a substrate. Wood alone may not have the nutrients needed to grow some types of mushrooms. If youre pasteurizing, your substrate can be ready to use in just a few hours. As a result, all other organisms that normally require oxygen to survive are killed off. This will yield anywhere from 1-5 pounds of mushrooms, depending on the conditions in which they are grown. As mushrooms increase in popularity, more people are getting into the business of fresh oyster mushroom cultivation. Growing Mushrooms From Mycelium- [6 Simple steps to learn the process], With this method creating an honey liquid culture is pretty simple if you are using the correct, If you are an absolute beginner I would advise starting with brown rice flour and following a method similar to one I posted on, How to Grow Lions Mane Mushroom [In a Jar]. 3. You may be able to dispose of the used substrate in compost bins that get emptied each week. Coco coir is a material made of ground-up coconut shells and husks. Ideal logs for growing mushrooms are three to four feet long and four to six inches in diameter. One reason that we prefer to pasteurize instead of ferment is that this technique quite literally stinks. Youll likely need to experiment here to see if you need to supplement with additional minerals. Some species of mushrooms like oyster mushrooms are very aggressive and can colonize a wide variety of materials. If youre in the United States, you can buy bags of this already made from Mushroom Media Online. Therefore, the total dry weight of the substrate is1.9lbs. Wood Chips is great of growing the following varieties of mushrooms: We thought it would be sensible to talk about wood pellets as another option for mushroom substrate. Some mushrooms will even grow on paper. Lion's mane is a particularly hardy strain to grow and can fruit with non-ideal conditions. Wood pellets can be used as a suitable substitute in replacement for wood chips. Agaricus Mushroom Area in Production and Yield . Vermiculite is a yellowish-brown mineral thats used to retain moisture and is also widely available at garden centers everywhere. Which means you can usually pick it up for free (or extremely cheap). Oat straw. Dump the broken-up grain bag in to the 5 lb. The average price per pound for specialty mushrooms received by growers, at $2.77, was down $0.27 from the previous season. Some people recommend twisting and pulling the mushroom, however I usually just cut them near the base with a sterile knife, I have yet to see this cause issues. Here are some of the most common substrates that mushroom growers are currently using. It consists of several cycles where the substrate is treated at different temperatures for 72 hours. HiTony The website is very informative.. Here is a breakdown of our whole rates: 20-50 kits: $20 per kit. Just collect as much cardboard as you want to use and then soak it in boiling water. Hardwood pellets or sawdust wouldnt normally need to be sterilized. Fermentation of Straw as an Alternative to Pasteurizing. Home growers may prepare mushroom substrate jars, from mason jars or other small containers, or pack substrate into buckets. Water then needs to be added to reach field capacity. You may add a more nutritious substrate to another to make it more nutritious. Just like plants require soil with different properties, different kinds of mushrooms prefer specific types of substrates. They are fast to colonize, produce a ton of fruits and arent at all afraid of less than perfect conditions. If your city doesnt offer any way to recycle your substrate, you can reach out to nearby farmers. $30. If youre lucky, you may get a few extra flushes of mushrooms from your compost pile or garden.

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