huguenot surnames in germany

It moved to Rochester in 1959, and now provides sheltered homes for fifty-five residents. Kathy is a member of the Huguenot Society. [81] In colonial New York city they switched from French to English or Dutch by 1730.[82]. Surnames found in Ireland which date to time in the 16th and 17th centuries when French Huguenots or German Palatines fleeing religious persecution in their home countries came to Ireland. [57], The revocation forbade Protestant services, required education of children as Catholics, and prohibited emigration. [76] Gradually they intermarried with their English neighbours. Use the search box to find a specific Family Name, Year, Location or Occupation. The surname Cordes is most commonly associated with Germany, Belgium, France and Spain. It's also the last name of Carmelita Jeter, an American sprinter who specializes in the 100 meter sprint. [16] During the same period there were some 1,400 Reformed churches operating in France. Raymond P. Hylton, "Dublin's Huguenot Community: Trials, Development, and Triumph, 16621701". In Paris the spirit was called le moine bourr; at Orlans, le mulet odet; at Blois le loup garon; at Tours, le Roy Huguet; and so on in other places. Joan Crawford (1905-1977), American actress, descended from the Huguenots, Dr Pierre Chastain and Chretien DuBois, on her father's side. While many family histories are given at length . History: As a name of Swiss German origin (see 1 above) the surname Martin is very common among the American Mennonites. There are many variations in spelling and not all are related. Several French Protestant churches are descended from or tied to the Huguenots, including: Criticism and conflict with the Catholic Church, Right of return to France in the 19th and 20th centuries, The Huguenot Population of France, 1600-1685: The Demographic Fate and Customs of a Religious Minority by Philip Benedict; American Philosophical Society, 1991 - 164, The Huguenots: Or, Reformed French Church. I'll say a word about it to settle the doubts of those who have strayed in seeking its origin. [68] A group of Huguenots was part of the French colonisers who arrived in Brazil in 1555 to found France Antarctique. Wijsenbeek, Thera. The collection includes family histories, a library, and a picture archive. Huguenot, any of the Protestants in France in the 16th and 17th centuries, many of whom suffered severe persecution for their faith. Like other religious reformers of the time, Huguenots felt that the Catholic Church needed a radical cleansing of its impurities, and that the Pope represented a worldly kingdom, which sat in mocking tyranny over the things of God, and was ultimately doomed. After petitioning the British Crown in 1697 for the right to own land in the Baronies, they prospered as slave owners on the Cooper, Ashepoo, Ashley and Santee River plantations they purchased from the British Landgrave Edmund Bellinger. In addition, a dense network of Protestant villages permeated the rural mountainous region of the Cevennes. They were determined to end religious oppression. [125] At the same time, the government released a special postage stamp in their honour reading "France is the home of the Huguenots" (Accueil des Huguenots). They were persecuted by Catholic France, and about 300,000 Huguenots fled France for England, Holland, Switzerland, Prussia, and the Dutch and English colonies in the Americas. [66], A diaspora of French Australians still considers itself Huguenot, even after centuries of exile. A series of three small civil wars known as the Huguenot rebellions broke out, mainly in southwestern France, between 1621 and 1629 in which the Reformed areas revolted against royal authority. The Prinsenhof is one of the 14 active Walloon churches of the Dutch Reformed Church (now of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands). The community and its congregation remain active to this day, with descendants of many of the founding families still living in the region. By 17 September, almost 25,000 Protestants had been massacred in Paris alone. In the Dutch-speaking North of France, Bible students who gathered in each other's houses to study secretly were called Huis Genooten ("housemates") while on the Swiss and German borders they were termed Eid Genossen, or "oath fellows", that is, persons bound to each other by an oath. Some fled as refugees to the Dutch Cape Colony, the Dutch East Indies, various Caribbean colonies, and several of the Dutch and English colonies in North America. Family name was not found in records of the Huguenot Society several years ago, and little follow-up has been made since then, hence my interest in participating in this project. The Huguenot Society's organized tours have, since 1989, visited three towns which, from their foundation, were particular places of refuge for Huguenots. They settled at the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and New Netherland in North America. The Pennsylvania-German, Volume 5 Full view - 1904. In 1562, naval officer Jean Ribault led an expedition that explored Florida and the present-day Southeastern US, and founded the outpost of Charlesfort on Parris Island, South Carolina. [9] Reguier de la Plancha (d. 1560) in his De l'Estat de France offered the following account as to the origin of the name, as cited by The Cape Monthly: Reguier de la Plancha accounts for it [the name] as follows: "The name huguenand was given to those of the religion during the affair of Amboyse, and they were to retain it ever since. For over 150 years, Huguenots were allowed to hold their services in Lady Chapel in St. Patrick's Cathedral. . After John Calvin introduced the Reformation in France, the number of French Protestants steadily swelled to ten percent of the population, or roughly 1.8million people, in the decade between 1560 and 1570. [13], The Huguenot cross is the distinctive emblem of the Huguenots (croix huguenote). [58], After this, the Huguenots (with estimates ranging from 200,000 to 1,000,000[5]) fled to Protestant countries: England, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, and Prussiawhose Calvinist Great Elector Frederick William welcomed them to help rebuild his war-ravaged and underpopulated country. Barred by the government from settling in New France, Huguenots led by Jess de Forest, sailed to North America in 1624 and settled instead in the Dutch colony of New Netherland (later incorporated into New York and New Jersey); as well as Great Britain's colonies, including Nova Scotia. In France, Calvinists in the United Protestant Church of France and also some in the Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine consider themselves Huguenots. After centuries, most Huguenots have assimilated into the various societies and cultures where they settled. The term may have been a combined reference to the Swiss politician Besanon Hugues (died 1532) and the religiously conflicted nature of Swiss republicanism in his time. [14][15], The issue of demographic strength and geographical spread of the Reformed tradition in France has been covered in a variety of sources. Most of them agree that the Huguenot population reached as many as 10% of the total population, or roughly 2million people, on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572. Long integrated into Australian society, it is encouraged by the Huguenot Society of Australia to embrace and conserve its cultural heritage, aided by the Society's genealogical research services.[67]. Whilst searching for a rellie who may have gone by a surname that is the anglicised version of a French word (Francois becomming Francewar), I found a few more French names in St Peter's records. It sought an alliance between the city-state of Geneva and the Swiss Confederation. In the United States there are several Huguenot worship groups and societies. Paul Revere was descended from Huguenot refugees, as was Henry Laurens, who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina. and. The superstition of our ancestors, to within twenty or thirty years thereabouts, was such that in almost all the towns in the kingdom they had a notion that certain spirits underwent their Purgatory in this world after death, and that they went about the town at night, striking and outraging many people whom they found in the streets. The wars gradually took on a dynastic character, developing into an extended feud between the Houses of Bourbon and Guise, both of whichin addition to holding rival religious viewsstaked a claim to the French throne. ", Heinz Schilling,"Innovation through migration: the settlements of Calvinistic Netherlanders in sixteenth-and seventeenth-century Central and Western Europe. Although 19th-century sources have asserted that some of these refugees were lacemakers and contributed to the East Midlands lace industry,[101][102] this is contentious. The Huguenot Memorial Museum was also erected there and opened in 1957. The cities of Bourges, Montauban and Orlans saw substantial activity in this regard. Some 40,000-50,000 settled in England, mostly in towns near the sea in the southern districts, with the largest concentration in London where they constituted about 5% of the total population in 1700. Peace terms called for the dismantling of the city's fortifications. The Catholic Church in France and many of its members opposed the Huguenots. The Huguenots were led by Jeanne d'Albret; her son, the future Henry IV (who would later convert to Catholicism in order to become king); and the princes of Cond. A number of French Huguenots settled in Wales, in the upper Rhymney valley of the current Caerphilly County Borough. Hello. [36], Early in his reign, Francis I (r.15151547) persecuted the old, pre-Protestant movement of Waldensians in southeastern France. "[62], Foreign descendants of Huguenots lost the automatic right to French citizenship in 1945 (by force of the Ordonnance n 45-2441 du 19 octobre 1945, which revoked the 1889 Nationality Law). Some disagree with such double or triple non-French linguistic origins. Several prominent German military, cultural and political figures were ethnic Huguenot, including the poet Theodor Fontane,[120] General Hermann von Franois,[121] the hero of the First World War's Battle of Tannenberg, Luftwaffe general and fighter ace Adolf Galland,[122] the Luftwaffe flying ace Hans-Joachim Marseille and the famed U-boat Captains Lothar von Arnauld de la Perire and Wilhelm Souchon. There is a Huguenot society in London, as well as a. Huguenots of Spitalfields is a registered charity promoting public understanding of the Huguenot heritage and culture in Spitalfields, the City of London and beyond. [99] Huguenot refugees flocked to Shoreditch, London. The Dutch as part of New Amsterdam later claimed this land, along with New York and the rest of New Jersey. [25][26], The first known translation of the Bible into one of France's regional languages, Arpitan or Franco-Provenal, had been prepared by the 12th-century pre-Protestant reformer Peter Waldo (Pierre de Vaux). . Research genealogy for Thomas Russell of Kegworth, Leicestershire, England, as well as other members of the Russell family, on Ancestry. The Huguenots. Huguenot descendants sometimes display this symbol as a sign of reconnaissance (recognition) between them. They ultimately decided to switch to German in protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 180607. Remnant communities of Camisards in the Cvennes, most Reformed members of the United Protestant Church of France, French members of the largely German Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine, and the Huguenot diaspora in England and Australia, all still retain their beliefs and Huguenot designation. Michael Thomas (Thomas-10705): Johann LeBachelle (Lebachelle-13) - according to family lore, emigrated from France to Kaiserslautern, Germany c1685. Most French Huguenots were either unable or unwilling to emigrate to avoid forced conversion to Roman Catholicism. The main provincial towns and cities experiencing massacres were Aix, Bordeaux, Bourges, Lyons, Meaux, Orlans, Rouen, Toulouse, and Troyes.[47]. Their names were Bevier, Hasbrouck, DuBois, Deyo, LeFever, and others. During the second wave, before and after the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, refugees came mostly from the Dauphin, Cvennes and Languedoc regions; the major route of exodus was the passage from Lake Geneva to the Rhine River. [citation needed], In World War II, Huguenots led by Andr Trocm in the village of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon in Cvennes helped save many Jews. . [citation needed], Louis XIV inherited the throne in 1643 and acted increasingly aggressively to force the Huguenots to convert. Services are still held there in French according to the Reformed tradition every Sunday at 3pm. The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many of them had occupied important places in society. . Janet Gray and other supporters of the hypothesis suggest that the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to 'little Hugos', or 'those who want Hugo'.[6]. It used a derogatory pun on the name Hugues by way of the Dutch word Huisgenoten (literally 'housemates'), referring to the connotations of a somewhat related word in German Eidgenosse ('Confederate' in the sense of 'a citizen of one of the states of the Swiss Confederacy').[5]. Manifesto, (or Declaration of Principles), of the French Protestant Church of London, Founded by Charter of Edward VI. This parish continues today as L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit, now a part of the Episcopal Church (Anglican) communion, and welcomes Francophone New Yorkers from all over the world. Historians estimate that roughly 80% of all Huguenots lived in the western and southern areas of France. The city's political institutions and the university were all handed over to the Huguenots. Other descendents of Huguenots included Jack Jouett, who made the ride from Cuckoo Tavern to warn Thomas Jefferson and others that Tarleton and his men were on their way to arrest him for crimes against the king; Reverend John Gano, a Revolutionary War chaplain and spiritual advisor to George Washington; Francis Marion; and a number of other leaders of the American Revolution and later statesmen. Some remained, practicing their Faith in secret. New Rochelle, located in the county of Westchester on the north shore of Long Island Sound, seemed to be the great location of the Huguenots in New York. As Huguenots gained influence and more openly displayed their faith, Catholic hostility grew. Then he imposed penalties, closed Huguenot schools and excluded them from favoured professions. Huguenots with that surname are not only found in French Switzerland, but also emigrated from . The British government ignored the complaints made by local craftsmen about the favouritism shown to foreigners. Huguenot immigrants settled throughout pre-colonial America, including in New Amsterdam (New York City), some 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle, and some further upstate in New Paltz. If you know of more Huguenot family names in Australia, please email ozhug@optushome.com.au. The origin of the name is uncertain, but it appears to have come from the word aignos, derived from the German Eidgenossen (confederates bound together by oath), which used to describe, between 1520 and 1524, the patriots of Geneva hostile to the duke of Savoy. [112] Significant Huguenot settlements were in Dublin, Cork, Portarlington, Lisburn, Waterford and Youghal. The Dutch Republic rapidly became a destination for Huguenot exiles. With the precedent of a historical alliancethe Auld Alliancebetween Scotland and France; Huguenots were mostly welcomed to, and found refuge in the nation from around the year 1700. Research genealogy for Norma Jane "Jane" Haas of Chittenango, New York, as well as other members of the Haas family, on Ancestry. Bernard James Whalen was born on 25 April 1931, in Shullsburg, Lafayette, Wisconsin, United States. McClain, Molly. Page 168. While many American Huguenot groups worship in borrowed churches, the congregation in Charleston has its own church. They were very successful at marriage and property speculation. The ties between Huguenots and the Dutch Republic's military and political leadership, the House of Orange-Nassau, which existed since the early days of the Dutch Revolt, helped support the many early settlements of Huguenots in the Dutch Republic's colonies. In the 18th century Germany looked to France as the model of civilization. They are Franschhoek in the Cape Province of South Africa, Portarlington in the Republic of Ireland, and Bad Karlshafen in Hesse, Germany. The uprising occurred a decade following the death of Henry IV, who was assassinated by a Catholic fanatic in 1610. Thera Wijsenbeek, "Identity Lost: Huguenot refugees in the Dutch Republic and its former colonies in North America and South Africa, 1650 to 1750: a comparison". The Edict simultaneously protected Catholic interests by discouraging the founding of new Protestant churches in Catholic-controlled regions. [54][55] Beyond Paris, the killings continued until 3 October. Huguenot was frequently used in reference to those of the Reformed Church of France from the time of the Protestant Reformation. [105], Many Huguenots from the Lorraine region also eventually settled in the area around Stourbridge in the modern-day West Midlands, where they found the raw materials and fuel to continue their glassmaking tradition. Early Notables of the France family (pre 1700) More information is included under the topic Early France Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.. France Ranking. It was in this year that some Huguenots destroyed the tomb and remains of Saint Irenaeus (d. 202), an early Church father and bishop who was a disciple of Polycarp. Tension with Paris led to a siege by the royal army in 1622. It is now located at Soho Square. In 1654, additional grants were given and shelters were built as centers for trading with the Leni-Lennapes. By then, most Protestants were Cvennes peasants. The first Huguenots to leave France sought freedom from persecution in Switzerland and the Netherlands. The Manakintown Episcopal Church in Midlothian, Virginia serves as a National Huguenot Memorial. Effects. Others still argue that the terms didn't originate from derogatory roots at all, with some of the Protestant faction claiming the opposite, that the Huguenots were named out of loyalty to the line of Hugues Capet, a medieval ancestor of the King who ruled six centuries before. Nearly 50,000 Huguenots established themselves in Germany, 20,000 of whom were welcomed in Brandenburg-Prussia, where Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia (r.16491688), granted them special privileges (Edict of Potsdam of 1685) and churches in which to worship (such as the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Angermnde and the French Cathedral, Berlin). [citation needed], With the proclamation of the Edict of Nantes, and the subsequent protection of Huguenot rights, pressures to leave France abated. The Huguenots were French Calvinists, active mostly in the sixteenth century. The most Hubert families were found in USA in 1880. This group of Huguenots from southern France had frequent issues with the strict Calvinist tenets that are outlined in many of John Calvin's letters to the synods of the Languedoc. [71] But with assimilation, within three generations the Huguenots had generally adopted Dutch as their first and home language. The Society has chapters in numerous states, with the one in Texas being the largest. However, enforcement of the Edict grew increasingly irregular over time, making life so intolerable that many fled the country. During the eighteen months of the reign of Francis II, Mary encouraged a policy of rounding up French Huguenots on charges of heresy and putting them in front of Catholic judges, and employing torture and burning as punishments for dissenters. Examples include: Blignaut, Cilliers, Cronje (Cronier), de Klerk (Le Clercq), de Villiers, du Plessis, Du Preez (Des Pres), du Randt (Durand), du Toit, Duvenhage (Du Vinage), Franck, Fouch, Fourie (Fleurit), Gervais, Giliomee (Guilliaume), Gous/Gouws (Gauch), Hugo, Jordaan (Jourdan), Joubert, Kriek, Labuschagne (la Buscagne), le Roux, Lombard, Malan, Malherbe, Marais, Maree, Minnaar (Mesnard), Nel (Nell), Naud, Nortj (Nortier), Pienaar (Pinard), Retief (Retif), Roux, Rossouw (Rousseau), Taljaard (Taillard), TerBlanche, Theron, Viljoen (Vilion) and Visagie (Visage). QC, in 1761. They also found many French-speaking Calvinist churches there (which were called the "Walloon churches"). Among the Huguenots who left were a group of families from northern France, located near Calais, and what is now southern Belgium. [citation needed] Surveys suggest that Protestantism has grown in recent years, though this is due primarily to the expansion of evangelical Protestant churches which particularly have adherents among immigrant groups that are generally considered distinct from the French Huguenot population. While people don't usually think of German and Dutch people as having Iberian DNA, as many as 18% of the population of Western Europe shows Iberian DNA, and the Netherlands and Germany fall . Huguenot Towns; Huguenot Street Names; Places to visit; Huguenot Traces; Archive Menu Toggle. After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, the Dutch Republic received the largest group of Huguenot refugees, an estimated total of 75,000 to 100,000 people. [45] The Michelade by Huguenotes against Catholics was later on 29 September 1567. Many of the farms in the Western Cape province in South Africa still bear French names. Huguenot Memorial Park in Jacksonville, Florida. A peace treaty was arranged in 1658, and the Dutch returned", "444 Years: The Massacre of the Huguenot Christians in America", "Huguenots of Spitalfields heritage tours & events in Spitalfields Huguenot Public Art Trust", "Eglise Protestante Franaise de Londres", "The Huguenot Chapel (Black Prince's Chantry)", "The Strangers who enriched Norwich and Norfolk life", "The strangers and the canaries - Football Welcomes 2018", "Paths to Pluralism: South Africa's Early History", Huguenot Society of Great Britain & Ireland, Mitterrand's Apology to the Huguenots (in French). Thousands of Huguenots were in Paris celebrating the marriage of Henry of Navarre to Marguerite de Valois on Saint Bartholomew's Day, August 24, 1572. The surnames Boileau and Des Voeux have disappeared from this locality only a few years ago, General Boileau and Major Des Voeux with their families having left Portarlington. There were also some Calvinists in the Alsace region, which then belonged to the Holy Roman Empire. [115] Although they did not settle in Scotland in such significant numbers as in other regions of Britain and Ireland, Huguenots have been romanticised, and are generally considered to have contributed greatly to Scottish culture. Most Cordes families in the United States come from Germany but many of them have family histories that claim French or Spanish origins. Such economic separation was the condition of the refugees' initial acceptance in the city. Persecution of Protestants officially ended with the Edict of Versailles, signed by Louis XVI in 1787. Louisiana had the highest population of Hubert families in 1840. "Huguenot Trails" publications are available in the periodicals section of the Quebec Family History Society in Pointe-Claire, Quebec. A small group of Huguenots also settled on the south shore of Staten Island along the New York Harbor, for which the current neighbourhood of Huguenot was named. Consequently, many Huguenots considered the wealthy and Calvinist-controlled Dutch Republic, which also happened to lead the opposition to Louis XIV, as the most attractive country for exile after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.

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